{"id":4294,"date":"2020-05-04T14:36:15","date_gmt":"2020-05-04T11:36:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.taninmismakina.com\/?p=4294"},"modified":"2020-12-07T13:34:49","modified_gmt":"2020-12-07T10:34:49","slug":"sogutucu-akiskan-nedir-ne-ise-yarar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.taninmismakina.com\/en\/sogutucu-akiskan-nedir-ne-ise-yarar\/","title":{"rendered":"So\u011futucu Ak\u0131\u015fkan Nedir? – Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar?"},"content":{"rendered":"

So\u011futucu Ak\u0131\u015fkan Nedir?<\/h2>\n

So\u011futma i\u015flemi i\u00e7in gerekli olan maddeler aras\u0131ndaki \u0131s\u0131 transferini sa\u011flayan ak\u0131\u015fkanlara so\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n

So\u011futucu Ak\u0131\u015fkan Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar?<\/h2>\n

So\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkan kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki maddeden \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n so\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkana do\u011fru transferinin neticesinde s\u00f6z konusu maddenin so\u011futulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. So\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar fiziksel ortamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bas\u0131n\u00e7 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla buharla\u015fabilmeli veya s\u0131v\u0131la\u015fabilmelidir. Her so\u011ftucu ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131n ana prensip amac\u0131 ayn\u0131 olsa da kullan\u0131m alan\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re kendi i\u00e7lerinde ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Genel olarak so\u011futma, havaland\u0131rma sistemlerinde kullan\u0131lan so\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar sanayi ve end\u00fcstriyel alanlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce belirtti\u011fimiz gibi \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 emme \u00f6zelli\u011fi olan so\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar\u0131n bu sayede ortamda so\u011futma i\u015flemini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

So\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar\u0131n genel \u00f6zellikleri:
\nSo\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar\u0131n genel \u00f6zellikleri bir ortamdan di\u011fer ortama veya d\u0131\u015f alana istenilen \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 hapsederek iletmesini sa\u011flar, so\u011futma,havaland\u0131rma ve \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 sistemlerinde bu ta\u015f\u0131nma i\u015flemi so\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015flanlar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla yap\u0131l\u0131r.
\nSo\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar\u0131n genel olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki niteliklere sahip olmas\u0131 beklenir:
\n1. \u00c7evre dostu olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n2. Buharla\u015fma gizli \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fcksek olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n3. Kritik s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bas\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fcksek olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n4. Atmosferik bas\u0131n\u00e7ta kaynama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n5. Doygunluk bas\u0131nc\u0131 reg\u00fclat\u00f6r ventilin bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n6. Hava s\u0131zmas\u0131n\u0131, yani havan\u0131n getirdi\u011fi su buhar\u0131n\u0131n so\u011fuk k\u0131s\u0131mlarda kat\u0131la\u015farak i\u015fletme aksakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeli ve bunun i\u00e7in de buharla\u015fma bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evre bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n bir miktar \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131 gerekir.
\n7. Kater ya\u011f\u0131na ve tesisat\u0131 olu\u015fturan di\u011fer komponentlerin yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ara\u00e7lara zarar vermemelidir.
\n8. Korozyon tesiri olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n9. Sistemin hibir yerinde kimyasal de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmemelidir.
\n10. Yan\u0131c\u0131, patlay\u0131c\u0131 ve zehirleyici olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n11. Kolay temin edilebilmeli ucuz olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n12. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kapasiteli bir kompres\u00f6r\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131na elveri\u015fli olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n13. Kapal\u0131 devre ka\u00e7aklar\u0131n tespitini kolayca sa\u011flayabilmelidir.
\n14. Y\u00fcksek so\u011futma kapasitelerinde kompres\u00f6r boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in buharla\u015fma gizli \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

So\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131n suda ve ya\u011fda erime durumunun da g\u00f6zden uzak tutulmamas\u0131 gerekir.Suda erime kolay oluyorsa makina i\u00e7erisinde donma tehlikesi azal\u0131r,zira suda erime sonunda kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n donma noktas\u0131 daha al\u00e7ak olur.Aksi halde \u00e7evre bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda olan k\u0131s\u0131mlara d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan giren hava i\u00e7erisindeki su buhar\u0131 kolayl\u0131kla yo\u011fu\u015fur,geni\u015fleme valfindeki k\u0131s\u0131lma sonunda s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015fmesi ile kat\u0131la\u015f\u0131r ve t\u0131kanmalara,i\u015fletme s\u0131ras\u0131nda aksakl\u0131klar\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.Ya\u011fda erimeye gelince,ya\u011flama ya\u011f\u0131 segman aral\u0131klar\u0131ndan s\u0131zarak so\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkana kar\u0131\u015fabilir.E\u011fer ak\u0131\u015fkan buhar\u0131 ya\u011fda erimiyorsa,ak\u0131\u015fkanla s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen ya\u011f yo\u011fu\u015fturucu ve hatta buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 y\u00fczeylerinde birikir ve burada bir ya\u011f filmi te\u015fekk\u00fcl eder.Bu durum \u0131s\u0131 transferini k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015ftirir ve ayr\u0131ca kompres\u00f6rde ya\u011f\u0131n eksilmesine sebep olur.Bu t\u00fcr ak\u0131\u015fkanlar i\u00e7in kompres\u00f6r \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir ya\u011f ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u0131saca piyasada olan \u00e7e\u015fitli so\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n

(So\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar kimya alan\u0131nda R hari ile g\u00f6sterilir.)<\/em><\/p>\n

R11<\/strong>: Bu madde, yanmayan ve kokusu olmayan bir yap\u0131da olup, ozon tabakas\u0131na olumsuz etkileri olmas\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc tercih edilmesi do\u011fru olmayan bir maddedir. Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc CCl3F \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n

R12<\/strong>: Bu ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131n da yanma \u00f6zelli\u011fi yoktur. O nedenle tehlike arz etmez. Ancak bu so\u011futucular da ozon tabakas\u0131na zarar vermesinden dolay\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n tercih edilmesi do\u011fru olmayan bir maddedir.<\/p>\n

R123<\/strong>: Zehirleyici yap\u0131s\u0131 bulundu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 dikkatli kullan\u0131lmal\u0131 ve uzun s\u00fcre solunumuna maruz kal\u0131nmamas\u0131 gereklidir. Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc CF3CHCl2 \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n

R134A<\/strong>: Ozon tabakas\u0131na \u00e7ok zarar vermez. O nedenle en kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 so\u011futuculardan biridir. Ev ve motorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlarda kullan\u0131labilmektedirler. Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc CF2CH2F \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n

R401A<\/strong>: HCFC i\u00e7ermektedir. Piyasada halen kullan\u0131lan so\u011futucular aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. R22, R124 ve R152\u2019den olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

R402A<\/strong>: Bu so\u011futucunun yap\u0131s\u0131 da HCFC i\u00e7ermektedir. Halen kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. R22, R125 ve R290\u2019dan olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

R404<\/strong>: Is\u0131y\u0131 iletmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Is\u0131sal \u00f6zellikleri R22 kadar geli\u015fmi\u015f de\u011fildir. Sera etkisi g\u00f6sterir. O nedenle olumsuz bir \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahiptir.<\/p>\n

R407C<\/strong>: Yap\u0131s\u0131nda 407C, R32, R125 ve R134A vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

R410A<\/strong>: Is\u0131sal \u00f6zellikleri iyidir. Sera etkisi g\u00f6stermesinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc olumsuz bir fakt\u00f6re sahip olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. R32 ve R135 i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n

R500<\/strong>: R12 ve R152A\u2019dan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

R502<\/strong>: So\u011fuk ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131kta olduk\u00e7a fazla kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yap\u0131s\u0131nda R22 ve R115 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

R507<\/strong>: Yap\u0131s\u0131nda R125 ve R134A vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

R717<\/strong>: Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc NH3\u2019t\u00fcr (amonyak). Rengi olmamakla birlikte kokusu k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr. G\u00fcbre ve temizlik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 vard\u0131r. Baz \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. T\u00fcm so\u011futma sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

R13<\/strong>: Kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar. Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc CClF3 \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n

R13B1<\/strong>: Ozon tabakas\u0131na zarar vermesi nedeniyle kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 tavsiye edilmemektedir. Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc CBrF3 \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n

R114<\/strong>: Is\u0131 pompalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yan\u0131c\u0131 ve zehirli de\u011fildir. Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc CClF2 \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n

R143A<\/strong>: D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klardaki alanlarda ve amonya\u011f\u0131n kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 durumlarda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc CF3CH3 \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n

R125<\/strong>: Amonya\u011f\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan sahalarda kullan\u0131labilir. Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc CF3CHF2 \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n

R125A<\/strong>: Olduk\u00e7a uygun kullan\u0131m \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahiptir. \u00c7evreye zarar\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan so\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar birinci s\u0131n\u0131f so\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlard\u0131r. Baz\u0131 ak\u0131\u015fkanlar ozon tabakas\u0131na zarar verdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esi ile 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclkemizde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

So\u011futucu Ak\u0131\u015fkan Nedir? So\u011futma i\u015flemi i\u00e7in gerekli olan maddeler aras\u0131ndaki \u0131s\u0131 transferini sa\u011flayan ak\u0131\u015fkanlara so\u011futucu ak\u0131\u015fkanlar\u0131 denir. So\u011futucu Ak\u0131\u015fkan Ne […]<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4296,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50,1],"tags":[56,57],"class_list":["post-4294","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-genel","tag-blog","tag-sogutucu-akiskanlar"],"yoast_head":"\nSo\u011futucu Ak\u0131\u015fkan Nedir? - Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar? - Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Makina<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"So\u011futucu Ak\u0131\u015fkan Nedir? 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